Hons 3rd Sem

Paper-5

History of English Literature and forms

 

Short type Questions

1.       How many tales are there in The Canterburu?

Ans- 24 tales.

2.       Name two titles of tales in The Canterbury Tales?

Ans- i. The Knight’s Tale,  ii. The Wife of Bath’s Tale,  iii. The Cook’s Tale

3.       What is narrative poetry?

Ans- Narrative poetry is aform of poetry that tells a story in verse.

4.       What is sonnet?

Ans-  A sonnet is a one stanza, fourteen lines poem written in iambic pentameter.

5.       From which word does the word sonnet coin?

Ans-  Italian word ‘sonetto’ which means a little sound or song.

6.       Name the two parts of Italian sonnet.

Ans-  Octave(first eight lines) and Sestet(last six lines)

7.       What is the rhyming scheme of Shakespearean sonnet?

Ans-  ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

8.       What is the rhyming scheme of Italian / Petrarchan sonnet?

Ans-  ABBAABBA CDCCDC OR CDECDE

9.       How many sonnets did Shakespeare write in total?

Ans-  154 sonnets

10.   To whom did Shakespeare address in his last 26 sonnets?

Ans-  To a dark lady.

11.   Last two lines of Shakespearean sonnet is called ………………………

Ans-  Heroic couplet.

12.   Who are called Metaphysical poets?

Ans-  Poets like Andrew Marvell, George Herbert, Henry Vaughan, Abraham Cowley, Richard Crashaw etc are called Metaphysical poets.

13.   Write two major features of Metaphysical poery.

Ans-  i) Metaphysical conceit,  ii) Dramatic beginning

14.   Write down two characteristic of Romantic poetry?

Ans-  i. Imagination, passion and emotion,  ii. Nature and country life

15.   What is blank verse?

Ans-  ‘Blank verse’ is a literary term that refers to poetry written in unrhymed but metered lines, almost iambic pentameter.

16.   Write down two major works of Lord Tennyson.

Ans-  Ulysses and In Memoriam

17.   Who are the famous poets of Victorian period?

Ans-  Tennyson, Browning, Hopkins, Arnolds, Oscar Wilde etc.

18.   Mention two features of Victorian poetry?

Ans-  Sentimentalism and Pessimism.

19.   Who are Modern poets in English Literature?

Ans- T.S. Eliot, W.B. Yeats, Sylvia Plath etc.

20.   Write down two main features of Modern Poetry.

Ans-  Love, Symbolism, Realism, Exprementalism etc.

21.    Who are post Modern poets in English Literature?

Ans-    Marion Angus, W. H. Auden, Djuna Barnes, Elizabeth Bishop, Rupert Brooke etc.

22.  Name two post colonial writer in English literature.

Ans-  Raja Rao, Mulk Raj Anand, R. k. NarayanKiron Desai, Amitabh Ghose etc.

23.  What is Derek Walcott most famous poem?

Ans-  Omeros

24.  Name two famous postcolonial poets?

Ans-  Derek Walcott and Ramanujan

25.  Give three examples of Miracles plays.

Ans-  The Coventry Plays, The Chester Plays, The Passion play is the chief modern example of the miracle play.

26.  What is a Miracle play?

Ans-  A miracle play presents a real or fictitious account of the life, miracles, or martyrdom of a saint

27.  What is a morality play? Give two examples.

Ans-   A kind of allegorical play having personified abstract qualities as the main characters and presenting a lesson about good conduct and character, which was popular in the 15th and early 16th centuries are called morality play. Example- Everyman, The play of the creed.

28.  What is Interlude? Give two examples.

Ans-  A short comical play that was shown in the interval of a long play in the 15th century is called interlude. The purpose was to provide comic relief to the audience. Examples- i) The Pardoner & the Frier,  ii) The word and the child.

29.  Who are called ‘University wits’?

Ans-  Christopher Marlowe, Robert Green, Thomas Nashe( all belong to Cambridge University ), John Lyly, Thomas Lodge, George Peele (all belong to Oxford University ) & Thomas Kyd are called University wits.

30.  Which university wits is not a university scholar?

Ans-  Thomas kyd.

31.   What are the major works of Christopher Marlowe?

Ans-  Dr. Faustus, The Jew of Malta, Tanburlaine, Edward II etc.

32.  Which age is called the ‘golden age’ of drama in English Literature?

Ans- Elizabethan age.

33.  Name different type of plays of Shakespeare with examples.

Ans-  A)  Tragedy

Examples- i. Hamlet, ii, Macbeth,  iii.  King Lear, iv. Othello etc.

B)  Comedy

Examples-  i. As you like it,  ii. Twelfth Night,  iii.  Taming of the shrew etc

C) Tragi-Comidy

Examples-  i. The Tempest,  ii. The Merchant of the Venice  etc.

D) Historical plays

Examples-  i. Henry IV, Henry V, Richard III etc.

34.  Mention two features of Shakespearean Tragedies and Comedies.

Ans-  Tragedies features,   i. Tragic flaw of the hero,  ii. Chance or Accident,  etc.

     Comedies features,   i. Love and marriage,  ii. Blending of fancy and realism, etc.

35.  Name three famous dramatist of Jacobean age and their plays.

Ans-  John Webester, ( his plays- The Duchess od Malfi, The White Devil etc.)

  Ben Jonson  ( his plays-  The Alchemist, The Devil is an Ass etc.

36.  Give an example of ‘City Comedy’ of Jacobean period.

Ans-  Everyman

37.  Why does the comedy of Restoration period is called ‘Comedy of Manners’/

Ans-  Because it reflects the temper and the manners of the upper class people of that time.

38.  Mention famous writers of ‘Comedy of Manners’ and their works.

Ans-  Willam Congrive, (his plays, The Way of the World, The old Bachelor, Love for love, etc.)

William Wycherley, (his plays, Love in a Wood,  The Country Wife, The Plain Dealer, etc.)

39.  Mention three important features of ‘Comedy of Manners’.

Ans-  i.  Reflects the manners of upper class people of the contemporary life,

          ii. Sex and adultery,

          iii. Immorality

40.  Name two dramatists of ‘Sentimental Drama’.

Ans-  Oliver Goldsmith, (his plays- She Stoops to Conquer, The Good Natur’d Man, etc.)

R. B. Sheridan, (his plays- The Rivals, The Critic, The Camp etc. 

       41. Give two examoles of Irish Drama.

            Ans-  W.B. Yeats play- i. The Land of Heart’s Desire, ii. The Green Halmet, etc

            Lady Gregory’s play- i. The Rising of the Moon, ii. Spreading the News, etc.

41.  Modern and postmodern dramatists and their dramas.

Ans-  1.  Modern dramatists, - T.S. Eliot

i.                    Murder in the Cathedral,

ii.                  The Cooktail Party,

iii.                The Family Reunion

 G.B. Shaw-

i. Major Barbara

ii. Candida

                        iii,  Arms and the Man

               2. Postmodern Dramatists, - Samuel Backet

                        i. Waiting for Godot

                        ii. Endgame

                        iii, Happy Days

                  Thomas Bernhard

i.                    Heldenplatz

ii.                  Ritter, Dene, Voss

42.  Postcolonial dramatists and their dramas.

Ans- A) Girish Karnad, (his plays- i. The Fire and the Rain, ii. Nagamandala)

B) Athol Fugard, (his plays- i. The Island, ii. Blood Knot)

       43. 18th Century Novelists and their works.

Ans- A) Daniel Defoe, (his novels- Robinson Crusoe, Moll Flanders, A Journal of the Plague year, etc.)                                                             

              B) Samuel Richardson, (his novels- Pamela, Clarissa, etc)

              C) Henry Fielding, (his novels- Tom Jones, Joseph Andrew, etc)

              D) Laurence Sterne, (his novels- Tristram Shandy, The Man of Feeling, etc)

       44.   What is Gothic Novels?

  Ans- A type of 18th and 19th centuries novel based on story of terror and suspense. It is called gothic because imaginative impulse drawn from medieval castle or monsters or monasteries, ghost etc.Novelist, Horace Walpole’s novel, ‘Castle of Otranto’ is a gothic novel.

         45.  What are the historical novels of Walter Scott?

              Ans- Old Mortality, Guy Mannering.

       46. Who are the women novelist and their works of the 19th century?

              Ans- i. Charlotte Bronte’s novel, The Professor, Villette, June Eyre, Shirley etc.

iii.                Emily Bronte’s novel,  Wuthering Weights

iv.                George Eliot’s novel,  Adam Bade, Romala, The Mill on the Floss etc.

     47. Give three examples of Victorian novelists and their works.

              Ans- i. Charles Dickens’s novel,  David Copperfield, Oliver Twist etc.

                      ii. W.M. Thackery’s novel, Vanity Fair, The Virginians, The Luck of Barry London etc.

                     iii, Thomas Hardy’s novel,  The Return of the Native, Far From the Madding Crowd, etc.

   48. Modern novelists and their novels.

              Ans. A) Joseph Conrad’s novel, Heart of Darkness, Lord Jim, Typhoon, etc

              B) D. H Lawrence’s novel, Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, The Rainbow, etc.

              C) Virgina Woolf’s novel, Mrs. Dolloway, The Voyage out, etc.

              D) James Joyce’s novel, Ulysses, A Portrait of the Artist as a Youngman etc.

49. Postmodern novelist of America.

              Ans- Thomas Berger’s novel Crazy in Berlin, Little Big Man, Arthur Rex, etc.

50. Postmodern novelist of India.

              Ans- Salman Rushdie’s novel, Midnight’s Children, The Satanic Verses, etc.

                      Amitabh Ghose’s novel, River of Smoke, The Hungry Tide, etc.

51. Postcolonial novelists of South Asia.

              Ans- V. S. Naipaul’s novel, A House for Mr. Biswas, In a free State, etc.

                     Anita Desai’s novel, ‘Fasting, Feasting’, In Custody etc.

                    Rohinton  Mistry’s novel,  A Fine Balance, Family Matters, etc

52. Postcolonial novelists of Africa.

              Ans- Buchi Emecheta’s novei, Second Class Citizen, The Slave Girl, etc

53. Give an example of personal essay of Charles Lamb.

              Ans- New Year's Eve, by Charles Lamb

54. Who is called the father of English Essays?

              Ans- Francis Bacon.

55. What is a journalistic prose?

  Ans- Journalistic prose is explicit and precise and tries not to rely on jargon. As a rule, journalists will not use a long word when a short one will do. They use subject-verb-object construction.

                                                                                                             Dr. Taybul Islam Mollah

***************                      HOD, English

                                              P.B. College, Gauripur

Hons 3rd Sem

Paper-6

American Literature

Short type Questions

The Glass Menagerie’?

1.      How many Acts are there in ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Seven Acts.

2.      Who is the mother of Tom in ‘The Glass Menegerie’?

Ans- Amenda.

3.      Who is the sister of Tom in ‘The Glass Menegerie’?

Ans- Laura.

4.      What is the full name of ‘Tennessee William’?

Ans- Thomas Lanier Williams III.

5.      When did Tinnessee William born?

Ans- 26th March 1911, Columbus Missippi, U.S. and died on 25th February, 1983.

6.      Name two plays of Tinnessee William?

Ans- i) A Streetcar Named Desire, ii) Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

7.      Whose nickname is ‘blue rose’ in ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Laura.

8.      Who is the narrator of the play The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Tom Wingfield.

9.      Where does the action of the play The Glass Menagerie’ take place?

Ans- The play sets in St. Place in1930’s.  But maximum action takes place in Wingfield apartment.

10.   In which college did Laura study in the play The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Rubicam’ Business College.

11.  Where did Laura visit without attending her college?

Ans- She use to walking at the park or zoo without attending her college.

12.  Which type of diseases did Laura suffer during her school days?

Ans- Pleurosis.

13.  Which thing was broken during Jim’s dance with Laura?

Ans- Glass unicorn.

14.  Name the girl with whom did Jim engage in the play ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Betty

15.   Where does Tom work in the play ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- At a shoe warehouse.

16.  What does Tom like to write in ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans- Poetry

17.  The Glass Menagerie is a “memory play.” From which character’s memory is it drawn?

Ans. Tom’s.

18.   For what does Amanda conduct a telephone campaign in order to make extra money?

Ans. Magazine subscription.

19.  Amanda returns a library book that Tom has checked out. Who is the author of this book?

Ans. D. H. Lawrence.

20.  According to Tom, where does he spend most of his nights?

Ans. At the movies.

21.  In what is Jim taking night courses?

Ans. Radio engineering and public speaking.

22.  For whom did Tom’s father work?

Ans. T Telephone Company.

23.  What is Laura’s favorite animal among her glass figurines?

Ans. A unicorn.

24.  What is Jim’s nickname for Tom in ‘The Glass Menagerie’?

Ans. Shakespeare

25.  What class did Jim and Laura have together in high school?

Ans. Chorus

26.  Of what origin is Jim’s family?

Ans. Irish

27.  Why did Jim call Laura “Blue Roses”?

Ans. Because it sounds like pleurosis.

28.  For what does Tom pay membership dues with the money earmarked for the abovementioned bill?

Ans. The Union Of Merchant Seamen.

29.  What is across the alley from the Wingfields’ apartment?

Ans. A Dance Hall.

30.  What does Amanda make Tom promise that he will never be?

Ans. A drunkard.

31.  Why is the play called “The Glass Menagerie”?

Ans. The play was originally entitled “The Glass Menagerie.” That is b Laura’s frailty. Like the glass figurines that she loves so well because it is a symbol of frailty, Laura is very fragile and has a great deal of trouble existing in the modern world.

32.  In “The Glass Menagerie,” what is the significance of Laura’s glass animals, especially the symbolic unicorn?

Ans. There is a special affinity between Laura and the unicorn. The unicorn does not exist in the modern world, just as Aura seems unable to exist in modern society. She has a limp and feels deformed; the unicorn has only one horn, which makes him different from the rest of the animals.

 

The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn

1.      Which river do Huck and Jim travel?

Ans. The Mississippi

2.      How do Huck and Jim initially acquire the raft?

Ans. They find it during a flood.

3.      What is the name of the town where Huck, Jim, and Tom live at the novel’s opening?

Ans. St. Petersburg.

4.      Why does Jim run away from Miss Watson’s?

Ans. Because Miss Watson is planning to sell him, which would separate him from his family.

5.      What animal does Huck kill as to fake his own death?

Ans. A pig.

6.      Who finally tells Huck that Pap is dead?

Ans. Jim.

7.      What is Mark Twain’s real name?

Ans. Samuel Langhorne Clemens

8.      Where does Huck intend to go at the novel’s end?

Ans. To the West.

9.      How old is Huck Finn in the Novel?

Ans. 13 years.

10.  Who is Miss Watson?

Ans. Miss Watson is the sister of Widow Douglas.

11.  ‘The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn’  is a sequence of earlier novel, what is it?

Ans. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer.

12.  Who is Pap Finn?

Ans. Father of Huck.

13.  In which island did Huck meet Jim?

Ans. Jackson Island.

14.  Which city is shown as slavery free in The Huckleberry Finn?

Ans. Cairo

15.  Who is Peter Wilks’s brother?

Ans.The two brothers of Peter’s Wilks’s are William Wilks and Harvey Wilks who live in England.

16.  Who do pretend to be the brothers of Peter Wilks’s?

Ans. The king and the duke.

17.  What are the themes of ‘The Huckleberry Finn’?

Ans. Slavery, Adventure, Freedom, Racism, etc.

18.  Which is the first picaresque novel in English?

Ans. ‘The Unfortunate Traveller’, written by Thomas Nash in 1594.

19.  What does the Mississippi river symbolize in the novel?

Ans. Freedom.

20.  What book does Huck Finn tell the reader he was also in?

Ans. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer.

21.  Why does the rest of Tom's gang object to Huck joining?

Ans. Because he has no family, moreover his father was a drunkard.

22.  Why does Huck sell his fortune to Judge Thatcher?

Ans. Because, he does not want his father to get it.

23.  Whom are the Grangerfords feuding with?

Ans. The Sheperdsons.

24.  How does Buck die in the novel?

Ans. He is shot by a Sheperdson.

25.  What has delayed the arrival of the true Wilks brothers?

Ans. Because their luggage was lost and one of them broke his arm.

26.  Why is the crowd surprised when Peter Wilks's coffin is opened?

Ans. The crowd surprised because they found the inheritance money inside the coffin.

27.  How does Jim finally gain his freedom?

Ans. Tom reveals that Miss Watson has freed him in her will before her death.

28.  Why does Huck want to head out West?

Ans. To escape Aunt Sally’s effort to civilize him.

29.  How many chapters are there in the Huckleberry Finn?

Ans. The novel consists of 43 chapters.

30.  Who is Sid in the novel?

Ans. Tom Sawyer’s younger brother.

 

The Purloined Letter

1.      What is the place where the actions of the story of The Purloined Letter take place?

Ans. In Paris

2.      What is the name of the detective of the story The Purloined Letter?

Ans. C. Auguste Dupin. His address is third floor of the building No. 33, Rue Dunot, Faubourg St. Germain.

3.      In "The Purloined Letter," who is the prefect of the Paris police?

Ans. Monsier D-

4.      What does Dupin intentionally leave at the Minister's apartment so that he'll have reason to return?

Ans. His snuffbox

5.      What time is it when the new, ghoulishly-dressed party guest appears?

Ans. Midnight

6.      What does the ghoulish partygoer's mask look like?

Ans. A corpse.

7.      What animal does Montresor claim is depicted on his family's coat of arms?

Ans. A snake.

8.      How much of a reward does the prefect offer for the return of the letter?

Ans. Fifty thousand francs.

9.      Where did Dupin find the purloined letter?

Ans. Dupin found the letter, disguised as another letter, in an organizer box hanging from the fireplace.

10.  ‘The Purloined Letter’ is sequence of earlier two short stories, what are they?

Ans. i. The Murders in the Rue Morge, ii. The Mystery of Marie Roget.

11.  What does purloined letter mean?

Ans. The lost or theft letter.

12.  What is written in the Epigram in the opening of the story?

Ans. It is a quotation from Seneca, a France dramatist, “To earn knowledge showing too much cunningness is like a stupid.”

13.  Who did steal the letter in ‘The Purloined Letter’ and from whom?

Ans. Minister D Archy stole the letter from the Royal Lady.

14.  Why does  Dupin leave a fake letter behind in place of real one?

Ans. To embarrass the Minister he leaves a fake letter there.

15.  When was ‘The Purloined Letter’ published?

Ans. In 1844.

16.  What does Dupin inscribe inside the fake letter?

Ans. Dupin inscribes a French poem, “So baneful a scheme, if not worthy of Atriums, is worthy of Thyestes.”

17.  Who is Monsieur G-? Why did he come to Dupin?

Ans.Monsieur was an old acquaintance of Dupin and the narrator; he was the perfect of the Parisian police. He came to Mr. Dupin to take a counsel about a case regarding recovery a letter of a royal lady that has been stolen by Minister D-.

18.  What is the time of the day when the story begins?

Ans. The story begins just after of one gusty evening in the autumn.

19.  “…you are quite au fait in this investigation.” Who is the speaker?

Ans. The narrator of the story is the speaker.

20.  Why did Dupin use a pair of green spectacles?

Ans. Dupin says he had visited the minister at his hotel. Complaining of weak eyes he wore a pair of green spectacles, the true purpose of which was to disguise his eyes as he searched for the letter.

The Crack-Up

1.      In which year Fitzgerald’s essay ‘The Crack-up’ was published?

Ans. The Crack-up is a collection of essays were published serially in Esquire magazine in 1936, and posthumously in a book form 1945.

2.      What are two essays that were published along with The Crack-up?

Ans. Pasting It Together, and Handle with Care.

3.      What is the essay ‘The Crack-Up’ about?

Ans. The essay ‘The Crack-Up’ is about the story of Fitzgerald’s sudden descent at thirty nine from a life of success and glamour to one of emptiness and despair, and his determination to recovery.

4.      Name the wife of Fitzgerald.

Ans. Zelda.

5.      What is the theme of ‘The Crack-Up’?

Ans. The promise and failure of the American Dream is a common theme of ‘The Crack-Up’.

 

‘The Prologue’

1.      Who is ‘Bartas’ as referred in the poem ‘The Prologue’?

Ans. A famous French poet.

2.      Who is ‘Demosthenes’ as referred in the poem ‘The Prologue’?

Ans. Demosthenes was a Greek statesman and orator of ancient Athens

3.      Who is ‘Calliope’ as referred in the poem ‘The Prologue’?

Ans. In Greek mythology, Calliope is the Muse who presides over eloquence and epic poetry.

4.      In which year the poems of Anne Bradstreet’s poems were published, and by whom?

Ans. Her poems were published by her brother-in –law in the year 1650.

5.      How many stanzas are there in the poem ‘The Prologue’?

Ans. Eight stanzas. 

 

A Bird Came Down the Walk

1.      When did the poem ‘A Bird Came Down the Walk’ publish?

Ans. 1891

2.      How many quatrains are there in the poem ‘A Bird Came Down the Walk’?

Ans. Five stanzas.

3.      What is the rhyming pattern of the poem A Bird Came Down the Walk’?

Ans. ABCB

4.      What are the theme of the poem A Bird Came Down the Walk’?

Ans. Beauty, and brutality of nature.

5.      How many poems did Emily Dickenson write in total?

Ans. Almost 1775.

6.      When did Emily Dickenson born?

Ans. She was born in 10th December, 1830, and died in 15th  May in 1886.

7.      A Bird Came Down the Walk’, what does walk mean here?

Ans. Walk means the road or pavement where people walk.

8.      What does the bird do the ‘Angle Warm’?

Ans. The birds bits the Angle Warm in halves and eats it in raw.

9.       What did the bird do after eating the angle warm?

Ans. After eating the angle warm the bird drank a dew from a convenient grass and then hopped to the sidewall to let pass a beetle.

10.  How do the eyes of the birds look like?

Ans. The eyes looked like frightened beads.  

 

Because I could not stop for Death

1.      Why death is called a civil suitor?

Ans. Death is called a civil suitor because it is a gentle driver that drives slowly and gracefully. It knows no haste and never snatches life abruptly.

2.      What does ‘setting sun’ indicates in the poem?

Ans. It indicates death

3.      What does ‘House’ mean in the poem?

Ans. It means the grave of the writer.

4.      How many stanza/quatrain does the poem have?

Ans. six

5.      Who is the 'He' of the second line of the poem?

Ans. Death

 

O Captain! My Captain!

1.      From which book by Whitman the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’ has been taken?

Ans. From Leaves of Grass.

2.      What kind of poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’ is about?

Ans. The poem is an elegy on the death of the American President ‘Abraham Lincoln’.

3.      When did the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’ publishes?

Ans. In 1865.

4.      How many quatrains are there in the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’?

Ans. Three.

5.      Who is referred as captain in the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’?

Ans. 16th American President, ‘Abraham Lincoln’.

6.      Who did kill ‘Abraham Lincoln’?

Ans. On 14th April,1865, John Wilkes Booth killed Abraham Lincoln at Ford’s Theatre in Washington DC.

7.      What is the meter in which Whitman had written the poem O! Captain! My Captain!?

Ans. The poem is written in iambic meter.

8.      “My father does not feel my arm”, who is called as father here?

Ans. 16th American President, ‘Abraham Lincoln’.

9.      Which phrase is repeated in the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain!’?

Ans. ‘Fallen cold and death’.

10.  The poem contains three stanzas of ----------------------lines.

Ans. Eight lines.

11.  How are the people waiting to welcome of the captain?

Ans. The people are waiting to welcome the captain with bouquets and garlands of flowers.

12.  What does the ship refer to?

Ans. The ship refers to America.

 

Passage to India

1.      What type of verse did Whitman use in his poem?

Ans. Free verse, he is often called the father of free verse.

2.      What three modern wonders are as mentioned in the poem ‘passage to India’?

Ans. The Suez canal, mighty railroad, and the seas inlaid with eloquent gentle wires.

3.      What is Whitman’s poem ‘Passage to India’ about?

Ans. ‘Passage to India' by Walt Whitman describes an imaginary journey that a speaker wants to take into fabled India.

4.      From which book by Whitman the poem ‘O Captain! My Captain’ has been taken?

Ans. From ‘Leaves of Grass’.

5.      What does India signify in Passage to India?

Ans. In the poem India is presented as a fabled land that inspired Columbus to seek a westward route from Europe to India, a route that ended up with his discovery of the Americas. While India is celebrated as an antique land that rich in history.

 

               

 

 

 

 

Hons 3rd Sem

Paper-7

British Poetry and Drama

Short type Questions

Paradise Lost

1.       Why Adam and Eve were expelled from Paradise?

Ans. Because they had eaten forbidden fruit.

2.       Why does Eve eat the forbidden fruit?

Ans.  Because Satan in the guise of serpent tells her that she will get the gift of speech by eating the fruit.

3.       How long did it take Satan to fall from Heaven to Hell?

Ans. It took nine days and nine nights for Satan to fall from Heaven to Hell. 

4.       At the beginning of the poem which demon was floating along with Satan in the fiery lake?

Ans. Demon namely Beelzebub was floating in the fiery lake.

5.       Who is the heavenly muse in Paradise Lost?

Ans. Urania is the muse.

6.       What is the name of Satan’s second in command?

Ans. Beelzebub.

7.      What is an epic?

Ans. An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation narrated in elevated style.

8.      What does the title of "Paradise Lost" refer to?

Ans. The title of "Paradise Lost" refers to the Biblical story of the Fall of Man: the temptation of Adam and Eve by the fallen angel Satan and their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. 

9.      Who are the main characters of "Paradise Lost"?

Ans. Satan, Adam, Eve, God, the Son, Devils (Beelzebub), and Angels (Michael) are the main characters of "Paradise Lost".

10.  How does Milton depict Satan's leadership qualities in Paradise Lost?

Ans. Although Milton initially depicts Satan as a kind of military leader in Books 1 and 2, Satan mostly leads by deception. He uses Beelzebub as his mouthpiece to persuade the other fallen angels of his plan to corrupt mankind. His volunteering to fly to Earth seems like a sacrifice but it is actually self-serving, so that he can ensure his plan is carried out. In the battle with God's army Satan spends a great deal of energy and time arming his soldiers; he forgets that God can and will stop the battle at any time. While he is a strong speaker and clever in warfare, he is always motivated by pride, which Milton does not see as a leadership quality.

11.  In Milton's Paradise Lost, is Satan's revenge justified?

Ans.  Satan's revenge is not ultimately justified. Though his jealousy and doubt are understandable, God is essentially a benevolent and kind ruler, who endowed all creatures with free will so they may make their own choices. Satan is allowed to make the choice to get revenge, but God already knows the outcome and so his revenge is also futile. In Book 3, God notes to the Son that, "so bent [Satan] seems/On desperate revenge that shall redound/Upon his own rebellious head." Satan could have repented to God at any time and been forgiven. But to corrupt all of mankind in order to get revenge is of a different magnitude—Satan is not only harming God but his innocent creations as well.

12.  Who is the Hero of “Paradise Lost” Book-I

Ans.     Probably the most famous quote about Paradise Lost is William Blake's statement that Milton was "of the Devil's party without knowing it." While Blake may have meant something other than what is generally understood from this quotation (see "Milton's Style" in the Critical Essays), the idea that Satan is the hero, or at least a type of hero, in Paradise Lost is widespread. However, the progression, or, more precisely, regression, of Satan's character from Book I through Book X gives a much different and much clearer picture of Milton's attitude toward Satan.

Writers and critics of the Romantic era advanced the notion that Satan was a Promethean hero, pitting himself against an unjust God. Most of these writers based their ideas on the picture of Satan in the first two books of Paradise Lost. In those books, Satan rises off the lake of fire and delivers his heroic speech still challenging God. Satan tells the other rebels that they can make "a Heav'n of Hell, a Hell of Heav'n" (I, 255) and adds, "Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heav'n" (I, 263). Satan also calls for and leads the grand council. Finally, he goes forth on his own to cross Chaos and find Earth. Without question, this picture of Satan makes him heroic in his initial introduction to the reader.

Besides his actions, Satan also appears heroic because the first two books focus on Hell and the fallen angels. The reader's introduction to the poem is through Satan's point of view. Milton, by beginning in medias res gives Satan the first scene in the poem, a fact that makes Satan the first empathetic character. Also, Milton's writing in these books, and his characterization of Satan, make the archfiend understandable and unforgettable.

These facts certainly make Satan the most interesting character in the poem — but they do not make him the hero. Because the reader hears Satan's version first, the reader is unaware of the exaggerations and outright lies that are parts of Satan's magnificent speeches. Moreover, the reader can easily overlook the fact that Milton states that, whatever powers and abilities the fallen angels have in Hell, those powers and abilities come from God, who could at any moment take them away.

In essence then, Milton's grand poetic style sets Satan up as heroic in Books I and II. The presentation of Satan makes him seem greater than he actually is and initially draws the reader to Satan's viewpoint. Further, because all of the other characters in the poem — Adam, Eve, God, the Son, the angels — are essentially types rather than characters, Milton spends more artistic energy on the development of Satan so that throughout the poem, Satan's character maintains the reader's interest and, perhaps, sympathy — at least to an extent.

No matter how brilliantly Milton created the character of Satan, the chief demon cannot be the hero of the poem. For Milton, Satan is the enemy who chooses to commit an act that goes against the basic laws of God, that challenges the very nature of the universe. Satan attempts to destroy the hierarchy of Heaven through his rebellion. Satan commits this act not because of the tyranny of God but because he wants what he wants rather than what God wants. Satan is an egoist. His interests always turn on his personal desires. Unlike Adam, who discusses a multiplicity of subjects with Raphael, rarely mentioning his own desires, Satan sees everything in terms of what will happen to him. A true Promethean / Romantic hero has to rebel against an unjust tyranny in an attempt to right a wrong or help someone less fortunate. If Satan had been Prometheus, he would have stolen fire to warm himself, not to help Mankind.

Milton shows his own attitude toward Satan in the way the character degenerates or is degraded in the progression of the poem. Satan is magnificent, even admirable in Books I and II. By book IV, he is changed. In his soliloquy that starts Book IV, Satan declares that Hell is wherever he himself is. Away form his followers and allowed some introspection, Satan already reveals a more conflicted character.

Similarly, Satan's motives change as the story advances. At first, Satan wishes to continue the fight for freedom from God. Later his motive for continuing the fight becomes glory and renown. Next, the temptation of Adam and Eve is simply a way to disrupt God's plans. And, at the end, Satan seems to say that he has acted as he has to impress the other demons in Hell. This regression of motives shows quite a fall.

Satan also regresses or degenerates physically. Satan shifts shapes throughout the poem. These changes visually represent the degeneration of his character. First, he takes the form of a lesser angel, a cherub, when he speaks to Uriel. Next, he is a ravening cormorant in the tree of life — an animal but able to fly. Then he is a lion and a tiger — earth-bound beasts of prey, but magnificent. Finally, he is a toad and a snake. He becomes reptilian and disgusting. These shape changes graphically reveal how Satan's actions change him.

Even in his own shape, Satan degenerates. When Gabriel confronts Satan in Book V, none of the angels initially recognize Satan because his appearance is noticeably changed. Likewise, in Book X, when Satan once again sits on his throne in Hell, none of the earlier magnificence of his physical appearance is left. Now he looks like a drunken debauchee.

Though Satan is not heroic in Paradise Lost, he at times does border on tragedy. Ironically, he also borders on comedy. The comic element associated with Satan derives from the absurdity of his position. As a rebel, he challenges an omnipotent foe, God, with power that is granted him by his foe. God simply toys with Satan in battle. Satan is, in fact, cartoonish when he and Belial gloat over the success of their infernal cannon in Book VI. Satan and Belial stand laughing at the disorder they have caused, but they are unaware of the mountains and boulders just about to land on their heads.

If all of Paradise Lost were on the level of the battle scene, the poem would be comic. But Satan's temptation of Adam and Eve moves the demon closer to tragedy. Satan's motives in destroying the human couple may be arguable, but the effect and its implications are not. Satan brings the humans down and causes their removal from Eden. In so doing, he also provides the way to salvation for those humans who choose freely to obey God. However, Satan provides nothing for himself. Hell is where Satan is because he has no way to rejoin God. Unlike humanity, Satan and the other fallen angels have already sealed their fates. They live always with the knowledge of Hell.

In the end, Satan calls to mind the Macbeth of Shakespeare. Both characters are magnificent creations of evil. Both are heroic after a fashion, but both are doomed. Both are fatalistic about the afterlife. Satan knows that he must remain in Hell; Macbeth says that he would "jump the life to come," if he could kill Duncan with no consequence on Earth. Both characters are the driving force in their own works. And finally both create a kind of Hell; Macbeth's on Earth, Satan's in the universe.

13.   What is the name of fallen angle in Book 1 of Paradise Lost?

Ans. In Milton's Paradise Lost Satan is not clearly separated from one of his fellow fallen angels. In Book 1, the character of Satan is blended with the character of fallen angel under the name of Beelzebub.

14.  What is pandemonium in Paradise Lost Book 1?

Ans. Pandemonium is the capital of Hell in John Milton's epic poem Paradise Lost.

15.   Who is called archfiend by Milton in Paradise Lost?

Ans. Archfiend The Devil; Satan.

16.   How many Books are there of Paradise Lost?

Ans. Ten Books, was first published in London in 1667, and in 1674 Paradise Lost was published for second time in 12 books.

17.  Which angel does Satan trick by disguising himself as a cherub?

Ans. Uriel.

18.  In what book does the fall take place?

Ans. Book IX.

19.  In which book of the Bible does the story of Adam and Eve occur?

Ans. Genesis

20.  How many times does Milton invoke a muse?

Ans. Three times

21.  Who leads Adam and Eve out of Paradise?

Ans. Michael.

22.  Who does Milton name as his heavenly muse?

Ans. Urania

23.  Paradise Lost is written in ………………..form.

Ans. Blank verse.

24.  What is the capital of hell in Paradise Lost?

Ans. The Pandimonium.

25.  Who discusses cosmology and the battle of heaven with Adam?

Ans. Raphael

 

The Duchess of Malfi

1.      How many Acts are there in The Duchess of Malfi?

Ans. Five Acts.

i)                    Act 1, 3 Scenes, ii)  Act 2, 5 Scenes, iii) Act 3, 5 Scenes, iv) Act 4, 2 Scenes, v) Act 5, 5 Scenes

2.      Which character is the Duchess’s twin brother?

Ans. Ferdinand

3.      Who does Cardinal hire to spy on the Duchess?

Ans. Bosola

4.      In what post Bosola is appointed in the royal house of Duchess?

Ans. Stable keeper

5.      To whom Duchess

6.      Who has just returned from France at the opening of the play?

Ans. Antonio

7.      Who is the avenger in ‘The Duchess of Malfi’?

Ans. In The Duchess of Malfi, Bosola is initially an antagonist of the Duchess, having been hired to spy on and kill her, but later he becomes her avenger.

8.       How many children do Duchess and Antonio have?

Ans. Three.

9.       Why did the brothers of the Duchess oppose her marriage with Antonio?

Ans. Both brothers seem to be worried that their widowed sister will succumb to temptation and undertake a marriage that damages the family honour. They also appear to be afraid that because she is a widow she is more likely to want to marry a second time.

10.   Who killed Antonio in ‘The Duchess of Malfi’?

Ans. Bosola

11.   Who killed Julia in ‘The Duchess of Malfi’?

Ans. Cardinal

12.   Who is Antonio’s friend in ‘The Duchess of Malfi’?

Ans. Delio.

13.   Who killed Bosola in ‘The Duchess of Malfi’?

Ans.  Ferdinand and Bosola stab each other to death.

14.   How Julia is killed?

Ans. Julia was murdered by Cardinal via a poisonous Bible that she kissed.

15.   Who is the elder brother of Duchess?

Ans. Cardinal.

The Rover

1.        The Rover was first performed on stage in what year?

Ans. In the year1677.

2.      In which city does the play take place?

Ans. Naples, Italy.

3.      Who does Florinda’s father want her daughter to marry?

Ans. Florinda's father wants her daughter to marry the elderly Don Vincentio.

4.      Who is Angellica in ‘The Rover’?

Ans.  A beautiful and wealthy courtesan in Naples.

5.      Why is Willmore called The Rover?

Ans.  A classic rake, and the Rover of the play's title, he is not just called so because of his travelling, but also because of his roving eye. He constantly lusts for women, and seeks out different ways to seduce them, leaving a trail of broken hearts wherever he goes.

6.      In which year was Aphra Behn born?

Ans. In 1640.

7.      Name a famous work of Aphra Behn.

Ans. Oroonoko

8.      What was the name of Florinda’s sister in the play ‘The Rover’?

Ans. Hellena.

9.      Who is the brother of Florinda and Hellena?

Ans. Don Pedro.

10.  What did Aphra Behn do before taking writer as a profession?

Ans. She worked as a spy for King Charles II.

11.  What is the sub-title of the play ‘The Rover’?

Ans. The Banish’d Cavaliers.

12.  Who does Florinda’s brother want her sister to marry?

Ans. Don Antonio

13.  Who is the cousin of Florinda and Hellena?

Ans. Valeria

14.  Who is called ‘Rover’ in the play?

Ans. Willmore

15.  What do you mean by Carnival?

Ans. The carnival is a festival allows the women to disguise themselves, and to cause confusion and mayhem amongst the males.

The Rape of the lock

1.      On which actual incident the story of ‘The Rape of the Lock’ is written’?

Ans. The story of Miss Arabella and Lord Peter.

2.      On whose request did Pope write ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Pope wrote ‘The Rape of the Lock’ in response to a request made by his friend John Caryll.

3.      In Pope’s ‘The Rape of the Lock’ who represent the character of Arabella?

Ans. Belinda

4.      When did ‘The Rape of the Lock’ was published?

Ans.  First published in 1712, (two cantos), second publication in 1714, (five cantos), and third publication in 1717, (five cantos and Clarisa’s speech).

5.      Mention the setting of the poem ‘The Rape of the Lock’.

Ans. Setting—

Canto-1, Belinda’s House at London,

Canto-2, Street of the London, and Thames

Cantos- 3-5, Hempton Court Palace.

6.      What are the themes of ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Love battle, Beauty is fleeting, Idleness of upper-class, Religious piety, and Gender issues.

7.      Who is ‘Shock’ in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Belinda’s lapdog.

8.      Name Belinda’s maid in the poem ‘The Rape of the Lock’.

Ans. Betty.

9.      Who did cut the lock of Belinda in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Baron.

10.  Who is compared to Sir George Brown in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Sir Plume

11.  Who is Thalestris in the poem ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Friend to Belinda.

12.  Where did Belinda pinch Beron?

Ans On his nose.

13.  Who is Berenice?

Ans. Queen of Egypt.

14.   At what time do “sleepless lovers” awake in this poem?

Ans. At noon.

15.   Who inspires Belinda’s dream in the first canto?

Ans. Ariel.

16.  To what are Belinda’s eyes repeatedly compared ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. The sun.

17.   What does Belinda wear around her neck?

Ans. A cross.

18.  Who wins the hand of ombre?

Ans. Belinda

19.  What beverage is served after the card game ends in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Coffee

20.  Who arms the Baron with a pair of scissors?

Ans. Clarissa.

21.  Who gets accidentally cut by the scissors by the Beron?

Ans. One of the sylphs

22.  What is Billet duex?

Ans. A box in which love letters are kept

23.  Which game is played by Belinda/Beron in ‘The Rape of Lock’?

Ans. The card game of ombre.

24.  What are the things are there on the dressing table of Belinda?

Ans. Powder, puff, pins, Bible, billet duex.

25.  What does the name of Belinda signify?

Ans. Beautiful eyes.

26.  Why did Ariel warn Belinda in her dream?

Ans. Because Ariel suspected that some bad event will take place.

27.  Which literary period Pope belongs to?

Ans. The Augustan Period.

28.  Which century does ‘The Rape of the Lock’ represent?

Ans. 18th century

29.  What is the name of the head Sylph?

Ans. Ariel

30.  Define mock-epic?

Ans. Mock-epic is a long satirical poem written in lofty and exalted manner of an epic with trivial subject.

31.  What is the role of Ariel in ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. Ariel is Belinda’s guardian sprit, his role is to guard and guide Belinda.

32.  Where did Belinda’s lock finally go?

Ans. Belinda’s lock finally go to the lunar sphere.

33.  To whom did Pope dedicate the poem ‘The Rape of the Lock’?

Ans. John Caryl.

34.  Why does the Baron cut Belinda’s hair lock?

Ans. Belinda is considered a great beauty and is particularly admired for the two curly locks of hair which hang down onto her neck. A man known only as the Baron desires to take one of the locks so that he can boast of its possession. And with the help of his lady friend Clarissa, he cuts off one of the locks

35.  Who is the Queen of Spleen?

Ans. Queen of the subterranean, Cave of Spleen. A personification of the concept of spleen itself, she bestows hysteria, melancholy, and bodily disfunction on women.

 

 

Mac Flecknoe

 

1.      What is the sub-title of the poem Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. The sub-title is "A Satire upon the True-blue Protestant Poet T.S." 

2.      Dryden was supporter of Tory/Whig.

Ans. Troy

3.      Dryden published Mac Flecknoe in the year………………………

Ans.  1682

4.      What does Mac means in ‘Mac Flecknoe’?

Ans. Mac is an Irish word which means son.

5.      How many lines are there in Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. 217 lines

6.      How many owls flew at the time of coronation in the poem, Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. Twelve

7.      What is lampoon?

Ans. Lampoon is a form of virulent satire in verse or prose, which is sometimes a malicious or unjust attack on a person, an institute, or an activity. Simply, when a writer or an artist makes fun of someone or something, by imitating the same thing in a funny way, it is called lampoon.

8.      Flecknoe ruled over the realms of _______ absolute.

Ans. Nonsense.

9.      Name the place where the coronation ceremony of Thomas Shadwell was held?

Ans. Shadwell takes the throne in a district of Augusta (London).

10.  In ‘Mac Fleckmoe’, Flecknoe has been presented as the king of ………………

Ans. Realm of non-sense.

11.  Mac Flecknoe is a satire on the poet, ……………………..

Ans Thomas Shadwell.

12.  Mac Flecknoe is a reply on the poem, what is that poem?

Ans. Thomas Shadwell’s poem ‘Medal of John Bayes’

13.  Why did Dryden write ‘Mac Flecknoe’?

Ans. Mac Flecknoe is a personal satire on Thomas Shadwell who offended Dryden with his aesthetic and political learning. It is a reply to Thomas Shadwell’s poem ‘Medal of John Bayes’.

14.  Who is Thomas Shadwell?

Ans. Thomas Shadwell was an English poet and playwright who was appointed Poet Laureate in 1689.

15.  How does Dryden satire Shadwell through Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. Dryden makes fun of Shadwell's poetic art and indirectly suggests that Shadwell had no poetic talent, although Shadwell was to succeed him as Poet Laureate of England later on. Dryden criticizes Shadwell because they had Political differences and Shadwell was a celebrated Playwright during his time.

16.  Who is the target of satire in Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. Thomas Shadwell.

17.  Who was Singleton in Mac Flecknoe?

Ans. John Singleton was a court musician and singer.

18.  ‘Mac Flecknoe’ is written in …………………. form.

Ans. Heroic couplet.

19.  Whigs were the supporter of parliament.  True/False

Ans. True.

20.  Who was ‘Richard Flecknoe’?

Ans. Richard Flecknoe was a poet, dramatist, and traveler, later he become an English priest in Rome.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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